Photosynthesising bacteria amongst the Archaea ( Archean Eon), converting sunlight into chemical energy to fuel cellular activityĮarliest atmospheric oxygen, present at low levels ( Archean Eon)Įmergence of Earth’s first continents from the ocean ( Archean Eon, 3.2 to 3.3 billion years ago), supporting microbial mats in Earth’s first land ecosystem Ignition of hydrogen stars, bathing the Universe in first light of cosmic dawn → earliest galaxies of stars forming 350-450 million years after the Big Bang helium in stars fusing into carbon, leading to stellar nucleosynthesis of all elementsĪggregation of stars into the Milky Way galaxy: now a warped disc of 100 billion stars, one of 2 trillion galaxies in the observable UniverseĮarliest water: an interstellar vapour, and repository for oxygenįormation of the Sun and Solar System within the Milky Way, orbiting a supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A*, at its Galactic Centre every 220 million yearsįormation of the Moon from a giant impact with proto-Earthįormation of planet Earth with 510 million km² of surface area, orbiting the Sun on a yearly cycle, rotating eastward on a daily cycle around a tilted axis that perpetuates opposing polar seasonsįormation of Earth’s oceans and moist atmosphere, protected from solar wind and cosmic rays by Earth’s magnetosphere generated by its iron coreĮarliest subduction of Earth’s crust → continental plate tectonics by 3 billion years ago, unique to Earth in the Solar Systemīasaltic rock glass catalyses formation of RNA ( Hadean Eon): long-strand molecules carrying information across self-replicating generations and synthesising peptides → pre-biotic RNA worldĮarliest life on Earth: single-celled prokaryotic Archaea ( Hadean Eon, 3.7-4.2 billion years ago), with inherited genes composed of stable DNA instructing the translation of RNA in ribosomes into proteins that perform cell functions → planet Earth harbouring the only life in the Universe? Timeline of the human condition | Milestones in evolution and history TIMELINE OF THE HUMAN CONDITIONĭiscs fill with colour as time passes towards the present (further explanation below ⇓) timeline summary ⇒ synopsis ⇒ |īig Bang singularity, cosmic inflation, creation of all particles of matter and counterpart antimatter, and the laws of physics governing their interactions expansion and cooling of space → formation of the observable Universe, its galaxies, solar systems, stars, planets, moons, asteroids and comets
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